Galatians 1 commentary. Galatians 1 Commentary Chapter 1.

Galatians 1 commentary Brethren, if a man be overtaken in — Greek, προληφθη, surprised into; a fault — Through his ignorance, inattention, or the stress of temptation, not considering sufficiently what he is going to do; ye who are spiritual — Who have received the Spirit of truth, grace, and wisdom, and who continue to live and walk by and in the Spirit; restore such a one — By From Paul, an apostle, and those with him, to the churches of Galatia (1-2) With a desire for them to have grace and peace from God and Jesus ( 3 ) With mention of Christ's sacrifice for our sins, designed to deliver us from this evil age, in keeping with God's will, to Whom be glory forever ( 4-5 ) It is known indeed Galatians 1:18 that he did not go to Jerusalem until three years after his conversion, but how large a part of this time was spent in Damascus, we have no means of ascertaining. There is no contradiction between bear one another’s burdens (Galatians 6:2) and each one shall bear his own load (Galatians 6:5). Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. com {Galatians 1:2-24; Galatians 2:1-21} His object in this recital appears to be three-fold: to refute the misrepresentations of the Circumcisionists; to vindicate his independent authority as an Apostle of Christ; and further. Date of Writing: Galatians is one of the first New Testament books to be written, composed sometime soon after AD 49. (Galatians 1:13-24) Dividing the Topics of Galatians. As Jesus spoke of bearing fruit in John 15:5 Galatians 1:1-3. Verse 10. 3078 A SERMON PUBLISHED ON THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 6TH, 1908, DELIVERED BY C. ) Galatians 1:2. Now the things which I write unto you — With respect to all these circumstances of them; I lie not — As I affirm before God, who searcheth the heart, and from whom nothing is hid. 2 Corinthians 2Co Book List Ephesians Eph. Scripture: Galatians 1:11–24. The design of this oath here is to prevent all suspicion of falsehood, It may seem to be remarkable that Paul should make this solemn appeal to God in this argument, and in the narrative of a plain fact, when his statement could hardly be called in Galatians 3:1 to Galatians 5:12. We are dead to the law because we have spiritually died with Christ, and have been given a new life to live, where Christ lives through us. Verse 8. See the preface. The original noun (eleutheria), which is translated as liberty in Galatians 2:4, implies the release of slaves. com Moo is best known for his commentary on Romans, and he brings the same level of competence to this commentary. SPURGEON, AT THE METROPOLITAN TABERNACLE, NEWINGTON ON LORD’S-DAY EVENING, MARCH 15TH, 1874. We who are redeemed have been lifted out of the present age, Galatians 1:4, into the next age, which may soon break forth in manifestation. Verse by Verse Commentary. GALATIANS 1:11 begins a historical narrative proving Paul's independence of any human authority in his apostolic work. Ὡς, as) He speaks deliberately. Paul’s Gospel Given by Revelation. 6:1-5 We are to bear one another's burdens. The first emphasis of this verse is on the community aspect: “Brothers and sisters” serves as a reminder that we are part of a spiritual family. Paul Sets the Choice before them Christ or the Law and Argues for its Urgency. To the churches of Galatia: 3 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave himself for our sins to deliver us from the present evil age, according Verses 15-16 ‘THAT I MIGHT PREACH HIM’ ‘It pleased God, to reveal His Son in me, that I might preach Him. ) having, from Abraham’s justification by faith, proved, 1st, That all who believe in Christ, and in the promises of God through him, are the seed of Abraham, whom God in the covenant promised to justify by faith: 2d, That the law of Moses, which was given long after the Abrahamic covenant, could ANALYSIS AND ANNOTATIONS I. Galatians 1:16 God-Guided Men. Metzger. (Originally published in Between Two Horizons: Spanning New Testament Studies and Systematic Theology Joel B. Wiersbe quips that the reason he does not open in Free practical Bible study on the book of Galatians. Galatians 1:3-5 meaning. Verse 1. In Galatians 1:18-19, Paul described a trip he made to Jerusalem three years after Jesus met him on the road to Damascus. Those who insist in circumcision lead others astray. Paul recalls his Divine ordination time, his crisis of consecration to the apostolate, that office which summed up all ministerial orders in it, and out of which they were unfolded by God’s providence. Intro duction. ἐστιν. Verses 1-24. One Anothers in the NT - most are positive but some are negative. Study the bible online using commentary on Galatians 1 and more! This chapter contains Paul's salutation (Galatians 1:1-5), the dramatic introduction of his reason for writing the epistle, which was the developing apostasy of the Galatians (Gal. Green and Max Turner, eds. So St. Galatians 1:2. ” — Galatians 1:16. ) 1 Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead;) 2 And all the brethren which are with me, unto the churches of Galatia: 3 Grace be to you and peace from God the Father, and from our Lord Jesus Christ, 4 Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present Galatians 6:1 Commentary - Restore Such a One In a Spirit of Gentleness; Galatians 6:2-5 Commentary - Christ’s Love in Us; Galatians 6:6-8 Commentary - You Reap What You Sow; Galatians 6:9-10 Commentary - Keep Sowing Good Seed; Galatians 6:11-18 Commentary - One Final Look; WILLIAM BARCLAY Galatians 1:8. Galatians 1:1. God did all this so that Paul would preach Christ among the Gentiles. Paul asserts his apostolic character and the doctrines he taught, that he might confirm the Galatian churches in the faith of Christ, especially with respect to the important point of Final Instructions A. Galatians 2 GALATIANS 1: ORDINATION FROM GOD. "(BDAG 853). Schreiner’s commentary and Moo’s commentary are written at about the same level of depth and technicality. The circle of Paul's colleagues or more intimate friends. But the insertion of the article points rather to an affirmation, whose is the glory. But if we rebuild the law, we create failure for ourselves, because we are seeking to add to the free gift of Galatians 1:1-2 meaning Paul starts his address to the churches of Galatia by showing that his qualifications are given by God and not men. Circumcision is part of the old law that enslaves us. Thomas Schreiner — Galatians (Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament, 2010). It is very probable that these Galatians were first converted to the Christian faith by his ministry; or, if he was not the instrument of planting, yet at least he had been employed in watering these churches, as is evident from this epistle Choose a chapter and verse from 'Galatians' to begin your 'Verse-by-Verse' study of God's Word using the more than 100 commentaries available on StudyLight. Galatians 3:1-5 meaning. Galatians 3:6-9 What does Galatians 1:16 mean? Paul is telling his personal story of coming to Christ in order to convince the Galatian believers that he did not invent what he taught them. 1. 3) revealed the Lord Jesus through him. 97). The apostle tells them that they had heard this, because, being Jews, they were Commentary on Galatians 5:1, 13-25. Galatians 1:11-12. And God our Father, who raised Jesus to become alive again after his death, has also sent me. Paul begins with the phrase, “Brothers and sisters, if someone is In Galatians 1, he describes in some detail how and when Christ trained and sent him out to preach the gospel of Jesus. Commentary: Introduction to Galatians: Introduction to 1 & 2 Thessalonians: Galatians 1: 1 Thessalonians 1 Salutation. Rather than giving an extended prologue, Paul launches immediately into his reasons for writing. 2:16. And was unknown by face unto the churches of Judaea which were in Christ: Galatians 1:23 Bridgeway Bible Commentary. The salutation follows, Galatians 1:3 in which mention being made of Christ, there is a declaration of a singular benefit by him, which contains the sum of the Gospel, as that he gave himself for the sins of his people, to deliver them from the present evil world, according to the will of God, Galatians 1:4 upon which a doxology, or an At least once every year I come across a sermon boldly declaring: “Protestants believe that we are saved solely by a profession of faith and that works do not matter, whereas Catholics (like the Jews in Galatians 2) believe that we are saved by our own self-generated works. Galatians 2 See also Galatians 1:15 in other biblical comments: A Textual Commentary On The Greek New Testament by Bruce M. Paul's Gospe Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible. The New Bible Commentary ~ IVP. After a zealous career as a Pharisee, God intervened in Paul's life. In two rhetorical questions, Paul demonstrates how foolish it is for them to think that they can gain a right standing with God through obeying the law rather than by faith. Highly recommended. To reveal his Son in me, that I might preach him among the heathen (Ga 1:1-24; 3:1-5) and tenderness (Ga 4:19, 20), the characteristics of a man of strong emotions, and both alike well suited for acting on an impressible people such as the Galatians were. by Grant Richison | Dec 13, 1999 | Galatians. If a man is overtaken in any trespass: Paul recognized that there may be those among the Christians in 1 Paul, an apostle —sent not from men nor by a man, but by Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead — 2 and all the brothers and sisters [] with me, To the churches in Galatia: 3 Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave himself for our sins to rescue us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Galatians 1:18-19. By Dr. The salutation follows, Galatians 1:3 in which mention being made of Christ, there is a declaration of a singular benefit by him, which contains the sum of the Gospel, as that he gave himself for the sins of his people, to deliver them from the present evil world, according to the will of God, Galatians 1:4 upon which a doxology, or an Author: Galatians 1:1 clearly identifies the apostle Paul as the writer of the epistle to the Galatians. Study the bible online using commentary on Galatians and more! The language that follows implies that, like Moses, John the Baptist, Isaiah ( Isa. Bible Commentaries Galatians 2 THE MAN WHO REFUSED TO BE OVERAWED (Galatians 2:1-10) 2:1-10 Fourteen years afterwards I again went up to Jerusalem with Barnabas, and I took Titus with me too. Chapter 1. Δέ] places μόνον ἀκούοντες ἦσαν in correlation to ἤμην ἀγνοούμενος τῷ προσώπῳ; it is not, however, to be understood as a mere repetition of the former δέ (Hofmann), for it introduces another[39] subject (Baeumlein, Partik. THE Galatians, it appears, had begun well, and for a time run well, but they permitted Satan to hinder, and they stopped short of the prize. Resources. Beyond measure I persecuted the Church — For proofs of this the reader is referred to Acts 9:1-2 (note); Acts 22:4 (note), and the notes there. ii. Other Relevant Commentaries: Galatians 2:18-21 meaning. In Galatians 6:2, he spoke of our need to care for others in the body of Christ. See also Galatians 1:10 in other biblical comments: Adam Clarke Bible Commentary. Note how strenuously Paul insists upon the genuineness of his call as an Apostle. 2:30; 1 Th. by the revelation of Jesus Christ] Rather, through the revelation. CHAPTER VI. A comprehensive and biblical commentary on Galatians 1, the letter that defends Paul's apostolic authority and the gospel of grace. It is abiding in a life-source. The churches in Galatia were formed partly of converted Jews, and partly of Gentile converts, as was generally the case. He does not say, "Who received our works Galatians 1 Greeting. Afterwards I came into the regions of Syria and Cilicia; Galatians 1:22. This the apostle describes in this Epistle as Christ, "who gave himself for our sins;" "who loved me and gave himself for me" (Galatians 1:4; Galatians 2:20). Arichea and Nida ~ A Translator’s Handbook on Paul’s Letter to the Galatians ~ United Bible Societies. NO. (6) II. 2 (Wheaton: Victor Books, 1985), 605. God is most glorified in us when we are most satisfied in him Learn more about Desiring God Ways to The apostle's meaning becomes clearer if we consider the object on which the justifying faith of the Christian fastens. INTRODUCTION TO GALATIANS 1. H. ” 1:6-9 Those who would establish any other way to heaven than what the gospel of Christ reveals, will find themselves wretchedly mistaken. 2 And all the brethren which are with me, unto the churches of Galatia:. Paul's other Epistles, gives indications of his having addressed himself to the composition of the letter under strong perturbation of feeling. p. Outline of Galatians 5:1-15. Learn about the historical, cultural, and theological context of this In preaching the gospel, the apostle sought to bring persons to the obedience, not of men, but of God. He received it from Jesus directly. G A L A T I A N S. 16. to unfold the nature and terms of his gospel, so as to pave the way for the theological argument which is to follow, and Galatians 1:3-5 meaning. Paul clearly explains the true gospel in the first few verses of his letter. The fruit comes naturally from this tree, because it is planted by the rivers of water. The apostle urges that all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this, Thou shalt love thy Galatians 6:1 Commentary and Explanation. The revelation here referred to Bible > Commentaries > Galatians 1:2 (See note on Galatians 6:12, 13. _The apostle teaches them to be tender and affectionate towards_ _any who, through surprise and the violence of temptation, had_ _fallen into sin; and to bear each other's burdens_, 1, Galatians 1 Commentary Chapter 1. Study the bible online using commentary on Galatians 1 and more! (a) He affirms, that he was not taught it by man, but by the express revelation of Jesus Christ; Galatians 1:11-12. In the latter he revives the main design of the epistle, which was to fortify the Galatians against the arts of their judaizing Williams’ outstanding commentary makes Galatians accessible to the ordinary reader. Brethren - with me. StudyL ı ght . Read Introduction to Galatians 26:10,11; 1 Timothy 1:12-15). Reproduced by permission of the author. Analysis and Annotations I. Power for Liberty: Walk in the Spirit 5:16-26 1. “I conferred not with flesh and blood. As a result, they were in danger of becoming enslaved all over again (see Clarke's Commentary. 15. ] This section (Galatians 1:11-24) helps us appreciate how convincing God’s revelation on the Damascus Road was to Paul. Donald K. It is Commentary on Galatians 6:1-5 (Read Galatians 6:1-5) We are to bear one another's burdens. Study the bible online using commentary on Galatians 1 and more! The apostle presses upon the Galatians a due sense of their guilt in forsaking the gospel way of justification; yet he reproves with tenderness, and represents them as drawn into it by the arts Galatians 1:11-14HERE the Epistle begins in its main purport. Galatians 3:1. And all the brethren which are with me — It is very likely that this refers to those who were his assistants in preaching the Gospel, and not to any private members of the Church. Galatians 5:2-3; Galatians 5:21. Matthew Henry's Commentary – Galatians . Galatians 5:1. (Galatians 1:6) 3. Ann Jervis ~ Galatians ~ New International Biblical Read Galatians 1 bible commentary & study from William Barclay's Daily Study Bible by William Barclay FREE on BiblePortal. Walvoord and Roy B. 1 For further information on this important point feel free to consult commentaries, and perhaps even read other passages where Paul had to defend his apostleship such as: II Corinthians chapters 10-12. Paul sticks to his theme. * (Galatians 6 Commentary) ONE ANOTHERS. A similar asseveration is repeated, ch. D. Study Galatians 1 using B. You, the Bible, and the Holy Spirit are priority in interpretation. John Piper Feb 13, 1983. “As for Saul, he made havoc of the church, entering every house, and dragging off men and women, committing them to prison” (Acts 8:3). (2) b. The Introduction. Greetings - Galatians 1:1-5; A defense of Paul and his teachings - Galatians 1-2 . To say that he is angry is an understatement. At postquam placuit Deo, qui me segregaverat ab utero matris meae, et vocavit per gratiam suam, 16. Chapter 1 Paul's Apostleship; Warning Against a Different Gospel. —Surrendered Himself, of His own free act and will, to those who sought His death. Knoch ON GALATIANS. This chapter chiefly consists of two parts. Bible > Calvin's Commentaries > Galatians 1 Galatians 1:15-24. v. There are, however, serious consequences of perverting the truth of the gospel of Christ (Who died for our sins, was buried for three days, and rose from the dead) with a false, legalistic gospel, and in this verse, Paul is fiercely criticising Guzik Bible Commentary © 2013 David Guzik - No distribution beyond personal use without permission - For more information and resources visit EnduringWord. L. It is not any group of people or any one person that has given that authority to me. It was in consequence of a direct message from God that I went up; and I placed before them the gospel that I am accustomed to preach among the Verses 15-16 ‘THAT I MIGHT PREACH HIM’ ‘It pleased God, to reveal His Son in me, that I might preach Him. The beginning is abrupt, as was suited to the urgency of the question and the greatness of the danger. Galatians 3:1 You foolish Galatians, who has bewitched you, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified? (Ed: cp Ro 12:1+, 2 Ti 4:6+) (Galatians 3 Commentary) Going to church to worship God sincerely with fellow believers is pleasing to Him, whereas going to the same church service and being with the same fellow See also Galatians 6:1-5 in other biblical comments: Adam Clarke Bible Commentary. Alan Cole ~ Galatians ~ Tyndale New Testament Commentaries. Matthew Henry's Commentary. This verse is the text of the first two chapters. Galatians 6. _The apostle shows that, as an heir in nonage is under tutors_ _and guardians, so were the Galatians while under the law; and,_ _as the heir when he comes of age is no longer under guar Verse 1. org Plug in, Turn on and Be En light ened! David Guzik commentary on Galatians 2, where Paul defends the gospel of grace and rebukes Peter regarding the acceptance of the Gentiles. Galatians 1:18 Peter Literally, “Cephas,” the Aramaic name for Peter, one of Jesus’ twelve apostles. Galatians 1:20. Galatians 1 Commentary Galatians 2 Commentary Galatians 3 Commentary Galatians 4 Commentary Galatians 5 Commentary Galatians 6 Commentary. Study the bible online using commentary on Galatians 1 and more! Galatians 6:1. (a. org. delete. (Galatians 1:11-12) 4. It had come directly from the lips of Christ. I. - Grace be to you and peace (χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη); grace to you and peace. In order to attack the true message of Jesus—the one Paul has been preaching and people have been believing—those Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly. Galatians 1:13-14. ÀR4] ¼w ¸èÞ›~Y¢2­Ù+h¼“¤ŽK½×üè–¬ zØï¡ ÿÐC®aO$ÌV8/ë Intro duction. 7-12) a. Afterward — Departing from Jerusalem; I went into the regions of Syria and Cilicia — To exercise my ministry there, and, if possible, to bring those among whom I was The denunciations of Galatians 1:6-10; Galatians 2:4-5; Galatians 4:9; Galatians 5:7-12; Galatians 6:12-14, burn with a concentrated intensity of passion, a sublime and holy scorn against the enemies of the cross, such as a nature like Paul’s alone is capable of feeling. Galatians 1, Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary, Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary enriches Catholic understanding of Scripture with deep insights from original texts and historical context. [37] Wieseler also justly recognises here the actual brother of Jesus, but holds the James, who is named in Galatians 2:9; Galatians 2:12 (and Acts 12:17; Acts 15:13; Acts 15:21; 1 Corinthians 15:7) as the head of the Jewish Christians, not to be identical with this brother of the Lord, but to be the apostle James the son of Alphaeus; affirming What does Galatians 1:23 mean? Read commentary on this popular Bible verse and understand the real meaning behind God's Word using John Gill's Exposition of the Bible. Galatians 1:6-9 meaning. (Galatians 6:1) Restoring those overtaken in sin. If you are circumcised, Christ is no value to you. Study the bible online using commentary on Galatians 1 and more! Read Galatians 1 commentary using People's New Testament. Purpose of Writing: The churches in Galatia were comprised of both Jewish and Gentile converts. CHAPTER IV. The verb is usually omitted in the doxology, but ἐστιν is added in 1 Peter 4:11. 6-10), a bold Christ is the mediate agent of Paul’s apostleship, inasmuch as Christ was the instrument through which God called him; but God also, who nevertheless was the causa principalis, may be Study Galatians 1 using Matthew Henry’s Bible Commentary (concise) to better understand Scripture with full outline and verse meaning. So most commentators have understood it. The apostle, in this chapter, continues the relation of his past life and conduct, which he had begun in the former; and, by some further instances of what had passed between him and the other apostles, makes it appear that he was not beholden to It does not appear that he made any communication of religious knowledge to St Paul (Galatians 1:18-19). Galatians 1:21. . ’ Galatians 1:15-16. Galatians 1:16 1) separated him from birth for a particular purpose, 2) called him by grace and . Paul, an apostle, not of men, neither by man. Paul is writing Galatians to confront the lies being told to Christians about the truth of Jesus' gospel. The revelation here referred to At least once every year I come across a sermon boldly declaring: “Protestants believe that we are saved solely by a profession of faith and that works do not matter, whereas Catholics (like the Jews in Galatians 2) believe that we are saved by our own self-generated works. _WHO GAVE HIMSELF FOR OUR SINS_] Who became a _sin-offering_ to God in behalf of mankind, that they might be saved from their sins. Paul was an apostle of Jesus Christ; he was What does Introduction to Galatians 1 mean? Read commentary on this popular Bible verse and understand the real meaning behind God's Word using John Gill's Exposition of the Bible. Philippians 4:21, Philippians 4:22, where the brethren with me are distinguished from all the saints - the church members generally. “This being Paul’s first visit to Jerusalem since his conversion, the brethren there shunned him These small group studies of Galatians 1:13-24 contain outlines, cross-references, Bible study discussion questions, and applications. Who gave himself for our sins. John F. ” This phrase, designating a number of persons beyond such names as Timothy, Sosthenes, and Silvanus, found in some of the other epistles, cannot refer exclusively, as Brown after Beza supposes, to official colleagues, nor generally, as Schott, Victorinus, Jatho Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians (1535) by Martin Luther Translated by Theodore Graebner (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, 1949) Galatians 1:4-6 _____ VERSE 4. In so important a matter we must not fear the frowns of men, nor seek their favour, by using words of men's wisdom. ← Back to Matthew Henry's Bio & Resources. (b) He refers to his former well-known life, and his zeal in the Jewish religion; showing how much he had been formerly opposed to the gospel; Galatians 1:13-14. ᾧ ἡ δόξα, sc. For ye have heard of my conversation in time past — As if he said, To convince you that I received the knowledge of the gospel by immediate revelation from Christ, I appeal to my behaviour, both before and after I was made an apostle; in the Jewish religion — Εν τω Ιουδαισμω, in Judaism. Paul understood now that God had set him apart to fill this role of Galatians 1:13. org (Galatians 1 Commentary) Notice that Galatians is unusual for Paul's epistles because he does not open his letter with his usual praise to God and prayer for the saints. Galatians 1:10-12 meaning Galatians 1:20-24. Verses 1-5. The expression is well chosen; and, as L’Enfant justly observes, is Galatians 1:8 - A Textual Commentary On The Greek New Testament by Bruce M. Like lymainō (Acts 8:3), portheō is in the imperfect tense where the idea of ongoing action is present. Paul’s life prior to Christ – Paul was an extremely religious person before his conversion to Christ. Churches of Galatia — Galatia was a region or province of Asia Minor; there was neither city nor town of this name. Galatians 1:19. The glory consists in the manifestation of the Father’s character throughout all Deeper Commentary Covering this Verse: Galatians 1:6-9 meaning. Paul is giving an analogy to the Galatians. GALATIANS 1:8 euvaggeli,zhtai @u`mi/n# {C} Since u`mi/n is absent from several important witnesses (a* Ggr* Y itg Tertullian Cyprian Eusebius Ambrosiaster Marius Victorinus Lucifer Cyril), and since Galatians 1:8 - Adam Clarke Bible Commentary. Bob Utley, retired professor of hermeneutics. 3. Galatians 1:13. In the former the apostle gives us several plain and practical directions, which more especially tend to instruct Christians in their duty to one another, and to promote the communion of saints in love (). The cross teaches us what love looks like, and the work of God’s Spirit in us is the only way that we are ever going to be free Galatians 6 Commentary, this commentary is from the most widely read and often quoted preacher in history, Charles Haddon Spurgeon. Well, many of you have been e-mailing me and calling me and whatever, saying you’re praying that I would know what the next book is that we should go to. Introduction to Galatians. My manner of life; the mode in which I conducted myself. ‘Jesus Christ’ may be either the subject or the object, the Revealer or the Revealed; but probably the latter is primarily intended, see Galatians 1:16. Galatians 1:1-24. The style of this greeting, compared with those found in St. Standing, as it does, here at the end of Galatians it is the effective and irrefutable denial of the slander that would make Paul's rejection of the "works" of the Law of Moses as having any connection with salvation, to be in any sense inclusive of the "work of faith" which is required of every Christian (1 Thessalonians 1:3). The gospel doesn’t change - Galatians 1:6-10; How Paul came by the Gospel - Galatians 1:11-24; Those in Jerusalem agree that Paul had the Gospel - Galatians 2:1-10; Paul’s authority demonstrated - Galatians 2:11-21 Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible. 2 chevron-right. Johnson’s Bible Commentary to better understand Scripture with full outline and verse meaning. It is probable that Paul was engaged during these three years in preaching the gospel in Damascus and the adjacent regions, and in Arabia; compare It does not appear that he made any communication of religious knowledge to St Paul (Galatians 1:18-19). Practice of Liberty: Love One Another 5:13-15 C. Galatians 1:1-5. (Galatians 1:6-10) 3. It is very common for a man to look upon himself as What does Galatians 1:23 mean? Read commentary on this popular Bible verse and understand the real meaning behind God's Word using John Gill's Exposition of the Bible. From his end and design in preaching the gospel, Galatians 1:10. He uses a child that is an heir in the analogy. Verse Galatians 1:2. Chapter 2. d. Paul,an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God theFather, who raised him from the dead). — προειρήκαμεν, we said before) In the plural: for in Galatians 1:8 he wrote we have preached, also in the plural. Καὶ οἱ σὺν ἐμοὶ πάντες ἀδελφοί “and all the brethren who are with me. When one member falls, it’s our collective responsibility to help lift them back up. " [Note: Lightfoot, p. To the churches of Galatia: 3 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave himself for our sins to deliver us from the present evil age, according (Originally published in Between Two Horizons: Spanning New Testament Studies and Systematic Theology Joel B. 1:6-9 Those who would establish any other way to heaven than what the gospel of Christ reveals, will find themselves wretchedly mistaken. Here its meaning seems to hover between the Gospel and the Church [Galatians 1:23]. In Galatians 2:9, he, with (4) Who gave himself. 2 Corinthians 13. Doctrinal Section. The Gospel of Grace Applied 5:1—6:18 A. The Expositor’s Bible Commentary (on CD ROM) R. In the salutations with which he commenced his Epistles, Paul was accustomed to claim the title of “an Apostle. - Paul, an apostle (Παῦλος ἀπόστολος); Paul, apostle. Includes discussion questions, commentary, and applications on Galatians 1. But I certify you, brethren — He does not, till now, give them even this appellation; that the gospel which was preached by me — Among you; is not after man — Of mere human authority and invention; is not from man, not by man, nor suited to the taste of man; for I neither received it of man — From the authority or interposition of any man; neither was I This epistle of Paul is directed not to the church or churches of a single city, as some others are, but of a country or province, for so Galatia was. He seldom mentions it when he joins others with himself in the salutations, as in the epistles to the Philippians and Thessalonians; or when he writes about secular affairs, as in that to Philemon: nor yet in writing to the Hebrews. Paul has stated 1 Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead;). (Galatians 1:1-5) 2. Feb 13, 1983. It presents like no other of Luther's writings the central thought of Christianity, the justification of the sinner for the sake of Christ's merits alone. So we shall fulfil the law of Christ. Stand fast therefore in the liberty by which Christ has made us free, and do not be entangled again with a yoke of bondage. 1-6) a. St. Works of the Flesh 5:19-21 3. Different Bible commentary on the Book of Galatians, chapter 1, by Dr. ” Typically, when I hear such a statement, Continue reading "Commentary on Verse 1. John Piper Feb 6, 1983. Introduction to the Apostle Paul’s letter to the Galatians. Galatians and 1 & 2 Thessalonians. But I certify you, brethren — He does not, till now, give them even this appellation; that the gospel which was preached by me — Among you; is not after man — Of mere human authority and invention; is not from man, not by man, nor suited to the taste of man; for I neither received it of man — From the authority or interposition of any man; neither was I Galatians 1-2 Paul Defended his apostleship - this is Paul's personal testimony that justification is by faith alone in Christ alone independent of human works. 1 "Apostle" means "one who has been sent". Paul asserts his apostolic character and the doctrines he taught, that he might confirm the Galatian churches in the faith of Christ, especially with respect to the important point of 1 “Paul, an apostle (not sent from men nor through human agency, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised Him from the dead), 2 and all the brothers who are with me,. It is very probable that these Galatians were first converted to the Christian faith by his ministry; or, if he Galatians 1, Calvin's Commentary on the Bible, John Calvin's Commentaries offer Christians profound insights by blending careful analysis of original texts with historical context. This Is Not Man's Gospel. Galatians 1:1-10. Read Galatians 1 commentary using John Gill's Exposition of the Bible. It becomes us to bear one another's burdens, as fellow-travellers. Circumcision obligates you to the law. Conflict between the Spirit and the Flesh 5:16-18 2. Both names mean “rock. The sharp, stern sentences of Galatians 1:6-10 are like the roll of artillery that Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead;) Introduction to Galatians Paul’s defense of the true Gospel in this What does Galatians 1:1 mean? Read commentary on this popular Bible verse and understand the real meaning behind God's Word using John Gill's Exposition of the Bible. Verse 3. To the churches of Galatia: 3 Grace to you and peace from God the Father and our Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave Himself for our sins so that He might rescue us from this present evil age, according Read this commentary in German. In the former the apostle gives us several plain and practical directions, which more especially tend to instruct Christians in their duty to one another, and to promote the communion of saints in love, ver 1-10. Went up to Jerusalem - More correctly, as in the margin, returned. Galatians. It was a strange folly which could lead them to forget the picture, so plainly shown them, of the suffering Saviour. Stand fast therefore in the liberty, &c. Paul’s purpose in writing to these churches Choose a chapter and verse from 'Galatians' to begin your 'Verse-by-Verse' study of God's Word using the more than 100 commentaries available on StudyLight. Position of Liberty: Stand Fast 5:1-12 B. Fruit of the Spirit 5:22-26 D. Read Galatians 1 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). In this chapter, after the preface or introduction (Galatians 1:1-5), the apostle severely reproves these churches for their defection from the faith (Galatians 1:6-9), and then proves his own apostleship, which his enemies had brought them to question, I. We have permitted in the final revision of the manuscript many a passage to stand which seemed Galatians 1:2 Galatia Probably the area where Paul began churches on his first missionary trip. Paul asserts his apostolic character and the doctrines he taught, that he might confirm the Galatian churches in the faith of Christ, especially with respect to the important point of justification by faith alone. But when it pleased God, who separated me from my mother's womb, and called me by his grace, 15. Rebuke to the Galatians (1:1-10) At the outset Paul reminds the Galatians that his call to be an apostle did not come from any human source or through any human agency. CHAP. The Galatians are being led astray by a gospel other than the gospel preached by Paul. WRIGHT The dense and dramatic argument of Galatians excites and baffles by turns. ” Typically, when I hear such a statement, Continue reading "Commentary on We also use different external services like Google Webfonts, Google Maps, and external Video providers. Galatians 1:10-12 meaning The apostle Paul is astonished (Galatians 1:6) and perplexed (4:20) at what has happened among the Galatian Christians since he was working and preaching among them. Paul, an apostle (not from men nor through man, but through Jesus Christ and God Browse Galatians 1 Commentary. Hendriksen The importance of this Commentary on Galatians for the history of Protestantism is very great. Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead;) Judaizing teachers persuaded the Galatians that Paul had taught them the new r Galatians 1:1 - Concordant Commentary on the New Testament by A. To reveal his Son in me. This chapter contains the inscription of the epistle, the apostle's usual salutation of the persons he writes to, and the charge he brought against them for their fickleness and inconstancy, in showing any manner of disposition towards a removal from the Gospel; the truth, certainty, and authority of the Gospel, and an account of See also Galatians 6:1-10 in other biblical comments: Adam Clarke Bible Commentary. org Plug in, Turn on and Be En light ened! Read Galatians 1 commentary using John Gill's Exposition of the Bible. In Galatians 6:1, the apostle Paul implores us to restore those who have stumbled in their faith gently. ANALYSIS AND ANNOTATIONS I. Here, as often, we have combined the form of salutation prevalent among Greeks, χαίρειν (found in its unaltered form in James 1:1, "wishing joy"), Christianized into χάρις, grace, which denotes the outpouring of Divine benignity in all such spiritual blessings as sinful Galatians 5:1-12 – Standing Fast in the Liberty of Jesus; Galatians 5:13-18 – How to Live in the Liberty of Jesus; Galatians 5:19-21 – The Works of the Flesh; Galatians 5:22-26 – The Fruit of the Spirit; Galatians 6:1-10 – Don’t Give Up Doing Good; Galatians 6:11-18 – Dead to the World; Individual Messages: Kingdom Calling Galatians 1. Zuck, vol. The apostle presses upon the Galatians a due sense of their guilt in forsaking the gospel way of justification; yet he reproves with tenderness, and represents them as drawn into it by the arts of some that troubled them. a. Bible commentary on the Book of Galatians, chapter 1, by Dr. When this child is old enough, his father will give him an inheritance, and therefore the child will be the owner of everything. ” His object in doing so, as we have remarked on former occasions, was to employ the authority of his station, for the purpose of As noted in the previous sermon commentary from the first dozen verses of Galatians 1, Paul has already fairly lunged at the Galatian Christians for their inexplicable slide into rank heresy by accepting the false teaching that to be TRULY saved, Jesus’ sacrifice alone was not quite good enough. Though Paul’s metaphorical use of slavery is jarring, there is truth behind the metaphor. Behold, before God I lie not - This is an oath, or a solemn appeal to God; see the note at Romans 9:1. Personal responsibility and helping others. Paul in explanation of his right to authoritatively address those he was writing to, points to a function with which he was permanently invested, and which placed him in a relation to these Galatian Churches which no other apostle ever occupied. 1 Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead;). Verse Galatians 1:4. _The apostle teaches them to be tender and affectionate towards_ _any who, through surprise and the violence of temptation, had_ _fallen into sin; and to bear each other's burdens_, 1, ON GALATIANS. Then, after three years — Wherein I had given full proof of my apostleship; I went up to Jerusalem to see Peter — And converse with him; and abode with him fifteen days — During which they doubtless discoursed at large together on the mutual success of their ministry. W. Vincent's Word Studies. To reveal his Son in me - This is to be regarded as connected with the first part of Galatians 1:15, "When it pleased God to reveal his Son in me," that is, on the way to Damascus. He establishes his authority as an What does Galatians chapter 1 mean? Galatians begins more abruptly than most of Paul's other letters in the New Testament. 49:1), and Jeremiah ( Jer. Paul an apostle, not of men, neither by man The writer of this epistle, Paul, puts his name to it, as to all his epistles, excepting that to the Hebrews, if that be his, being neither afraid nor ashamed to own what is herein contained. GALATIANS 1, 2 (roughly). 56. GALATIANS 1:15 euvdo,khsen @o` qeo,j# {C} On the basis of preponderance of external testimony a majority of the Committee preferred the reading with o` qeo,j, yet, in view of the importance of the w VERSE 1. We also use different external services like Google Webfonts, Google Maps, and external Video providers. This is a process that requires humility, empathy, and gentle Galatians 6:1 Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted. (1) A summary statement: in light of all that Paul has previously said, he now challenges the Galatians to walk in the truth he has presented. THE TESTIMONY OF PAUL CONCERNING HIS APOSTOLIC AUTHORITY AND THE GOSPEL CHAPTER 1 _ 1. BDAG – “to cause the release of someone from an obligation (one has nothing more to do with it), be discharged, be released. Paul wrote this epistle because, after hisdeparture from the Galatian churches, Jewish-Christian fanatics moved in, whoperverted Paul's Gospel of man's free justification by faith in Christ Jesus. The masculine refers to the persons of whom those ἐκκλησίαι consisted. You know, when you Galatians 1:2 Galatia Probably the area where Paul began churches on his first missionary trip. About the Series: The IVP New Testament Commentary Series Pastors with a passion for sound exposition and scholars with a heart for pastoral leadership have joined forces to produce this Galatians 1:1 Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead;) 1:1-5 St. In the Introduction I have pointed out that this Epistle was written on account of the disturbance made among the churches of Galatia by false teachers. While a child, he does not exercise the responsibility and authority of being an owner. This obliges to mutual forbearance and compassion towards each other, agreeably to his example. 1 Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead;) 2 And all the brethren who are with me, unto the churches of Galatia: Commentaries for Galatians 1: 0. Each of us must walk in the light we have. This verse is laden with profound spiritual wisdom that speaks directly to the heart of Christian community and discipleship. The church wasn't destroyed at one time (which would require the aorist tense), or completely (which might use Galatians 1:5. I am an apostle of Jesus Christ. Believers are to minister to 1 Paul, an apostle—sent not from men nor by a man, but by Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead— 2 and all the brothers and sisters a with me,. See also Galatians 1:4 in other biblical comments: Adam Clarke Bible Commentary. III. I particularly like the depth and reach in the manner in which you approach the scripture verse by verse; I read the first 4 chapters of Galatians today Verse 2. How Paul became an Apostle Independent of Jerusalem. Our versions supply ἔστω and turn the clause accordingly into an invocation of praise. PAUL VINDICATES HIS INDEPENDENCE. For ye have heard of my conversation in time past His manner and course of life, in his state of unregeneracy, how diametrically opposite his education and behaviour, his principles and practices, were to the Gospel; which show that he had not received it, nor was he taught it of men. ) N. He never loses sight of the purpose of his epistle. — λέγω, I say) in the What does Galatians 1:13 mean? Paul has stated that anyone who attempts to preach a different gospel is, in fact, preaching something entirely false and is worthy of being cursed (Galatian 1:8–9). It was for freedom that Christ set us free; therefore keep standing firm and do not be subject again to a yoke of slavery. Paul is extremely upset that the Galatians have so easily fallen away from the gospel message that he recently preached to them. _O foolish Galatians_. He was not an agnostic or an atheist, nor was he into materialism. See also Galatians 4:1-7 in other biblical comments: Adam Clarke Bible Commentary. The phrase has a parallel in Titus 2:14, and appears in its full and complete form in the Gospel saying (Matthew 20:28; Mark 10:45): “The Son of Man came to give His life a ransom for many “; and in 1 Timothy 2:6: “Who gave Himself a ransom” (the word is here a compound, Galatians 1 Paul says ‘hello’ 1 This letter is from me, Paul. Galatians 6:1 Commentary and Explanation. EXPOSITION. But as, in this province, Bridgeway Bible Commentary. Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted. 4 Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present evil world, according An explanation of Galatians 1:21. Paul resists the false messengers and wants them to be accursed for leading the Galatian believers astray. Different Read Galatians commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). Choose a verse from 'Galatians 1' to begin your 'Verse-by-Verse' study of God's Word using the more than 100 commentaries available on StudyLight. (a) Freedom. Sitemap; About Us; Commentaries Galatians 6:1. (Galatians 1:1)_ 2. (3) c. Bob Utley, retired professor of hermeneutics (Biblical interpretation) From the Author: How Can This Commentary Help You? A Guide to Good Bible Reading: A Personal Search for Verifiable Truth. 22: I was still unknown by sight to the churches of Judea Clarke's Commentary. Carla Works. THE TESTIMONY OF PAUL CONCERNING HIS APOSTOLIC AUTHORITY AND THE GOSPEL CHAPTER 1 1. We saw the second of Corinthians characterized by the most rapid transitions of feeling, by a deep and fervent sense of God's consolations, by a revulsion so much the more powerful i John Calvin's Bible Commentary. 1:1-2:21 PAUL’S GOSPEL IS THE ONLY GOSPEL. , 2000, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 205–36. E. This letter is Read Galatians 1 commentary using Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Concise). It is Jesus Christ himself who has chosen me to serve him. Share: Through Christ, we have been set free to serve one another in love. How important it is to be immersed in the Word of God and to search out the glorious truths that are contained within its pages. Faith expressed in love is more significant than circumcision. Brethren, if a man is overtaken in any trespass, you who are spiritual restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness, considering yourself lest you also be tempted. And yet, a group known as the Judaizers has been attempting to persuade Christians in Galatia that Paul was not trustworthy. In Galatians 6:5, Paul spoke of our final accountability before God. Paul, an apostle — Here it was necessary for Paul to assert his authority, otherwise he is very modest in the use of this title. The Bible Knowledge Commentary ~ IVP. (vss. When it pleased God — He ascribes nothing to his own merits, endeavours, or sincerity; who separated me from my mother’s womb — Set me apart for an apostle, as he did Jeremiah for a prophet, (Jeremiah 1:5,) and ordered my education with a view to that office. Read Acts 13 and 14. To the churches in Galatia: 3 Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave himself for our sins to rescue us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Commentary for Galatians 1 The churches in Galatia were formed partly of converted Jews, and partly of Gentile converts, as was generally the case. Sometimes perceived as a flamboyant Galatians 1:15-17. A. Chapter 1; Verses 1–5; Verses 6–9; Verses 10–24 as some others are, but of a country or province, for so Galatia was. He learned by a revelation from heaven, not in any sense from flesh and blood: _c Galatians 1 Greeting. Jesus’ death for our sins was substitutional (Galatians 2:20; 3:13; 1 Timothy 2:6; Titus 2:14; 1 Peter 2:24; 3:18). 3 Grace be to you and peace from God the Father, and from our Lord Jesus Christ,. Sometimes perceived as a flamboyant Galatians 6:1 Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted. The apostleship of Paul had been challenged by false teachers They questioned his authority because he had not been ordained by men Paul was ordained directly by Jesus Christ (Acts 9:1-22) The resurrection of Christ is central to the message of the gospel His victory over death is our Galatians 1:1 - Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible. Indeed, he is so perturbed that he flings curses at the people who have stirred up the churches in the Continue reading "Commentary on Verse 1. 1:5), Paul was destined to his work from birth. Galatians 1 Paul says ‘hello’ 1 This letter is from me, Paul. NRSV), "wasted" (KJV) is portheō, "to attack and cause complete destruction, pillage, make havoc of, destroy, annihilate. These small group studies of Galatians 1:13-24 contain outlines, cross-references, Bible study discussion questions, and applications. ) For (a) I did not learn it in my youth—very much the contrary (Galatians 1:13-14); (b) I did not learn it at my conversion, for I went straight into the desert to wrestle with God in solitude Commentary on Galatians 5:13-15 (Read Galatians 5:13-15) The gospel is a doctrine according to godliness, 1 Timothy 6:3, and is so far from giving the least countenance to sin, that it lays us under the strongest obligation to avoid and subdue it. (Galatians 1:1-2) The writer and the readers. Neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, Galatians 1:1. _DO I NOW PERSUADE MEN, OR GOD?_] The words πειθειν τον θεον may be rendered _to court or solicit the favour of God_ as the after clause sufficiently proves. Chapter 6. Then after three years - Probably three years after his departure from Jerusalem to Damascus, not after his return to Arabia. 1 1 Paul, an apostle-sent not from men nor by a man, but by Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead- 2 and all the brothers and sisters with me, To the churches in Galatia: 3 Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, 4 who gave himself for our sins to rescue us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Galatians 3:1 You foolish Galatians, who has bewitched you, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified? (Ed: cp Ro 12:1+, 2 Ti 4:6+) (Galatians 3 Commentary) Going to church to worship God sincerely with fellow believers is pleasing to Him, whereas going to the same church service and being with the same fellow Galatians 1:23-24. Let us beware of i. Something like obedience and various ceremonial « Galatians 1:14. Campbell, “Galatians,” in The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures, eds. Galatians 1:21-24 21: “Then I went into the regions of Syria and Cilicia. 4 Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present evil world, according Tried to destroy" (NIV, cf. | Home This is a study guide commentary, which means that you are responsible for your own interpretation of the Bible. 1:1 Paul, an apostle—not from men nor through man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead—2 and all the brothers 1 who are with me,. This chapter contains the inscription of the epistle, the apostle's usual salutation of the persons he writes to, and the charge he brought against them for their fickleness and inconstancy, in showing any manner of disposition towards a removal from the Gospel; the truth, certainty, and authority of the Gospel, and an account of Ray Pritchard has an excellent, practical exposition on Galatians 6:1 - Philip. In the latter he revives the main design of the epistle, which was to fortify the Galatians against the arts of their judaizing teachers Matthew Henry :: Commentary on Galatians 2. Paul, an apostle. In Christ, you have been set free from your bondage To reveal his Son in me - This is to be regarded as connected with the first part of Galatians 1:15, "When it pleased God to reveal his Son in me," that is, on the way to Damascus. Such an unconditional predestination as this may consist both with God’s justice and mercy. The designation of "apostle," as here appropriated by St. Ye have heard of my conversation — τηνεμην αναστροφην. ” Also in 2:9, 11, 14. He not only repented concerning the person of Christ, but he also received an absolutely clear revelation both of And a public meeting is both indicated by the Greek of the phrase “communicated unto them” (Galatians 2:2; see the Commentary ad loc. Scripture: Galatians 1:6–10. But other of the apostles saw I none, save James the Lord's brother. But so long as the heir is a child, he does not differ at all from a slave. Performance in Liberty: Do Good to All Men 6: Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible. ” This is God’s motive for saving him. He converses with the ancient world from which Galatians was born and modern discussions of the [37] Wieseler also justly recognises here the actual brother of Jesus, but holds the James, who is named in Galatians 2:9; Galatians 2:12 (and Acts 12:17; Acts 15:13; Acts 15:21; 1 Corinthians 15:7) as the head of the Jewish Christians, not to be identical with this brother of the Lord, but to be the apostle James the son of Alphaeus; affirming Verses 1-24. The phrase evidently means, to make me acquainted with the Lord Jesus, or to reveal his Son to me; compare the Greek in Matthew 10:32, for a similar expression. T. To see Peter - Peter was the oldest and most distinguished of the apostles. Now the things which I write unto you, behold, before God, I lie not. What has gone before is so much exordium. Paul’s life prior to Christ – Paul was an extremely religious Galatians 1:9. The introductory greeting. Paul begins his letter to the Churches of Galatia by reminding them of the true gospel that they have turned away from. But Paul would not attempt to alter the doctrine of Christ, either to gain their favour, or to avoid their fury. 86. I just found your commentary today and have been blessed beyond measure. The Rebuke. There is also a difference in the wording Paul uses. Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary Galatians. When this marvellous exhibition of Divine compassion and love is David Guzik commentary on Psalm 1, describing the contrast between the way of the righteous and the way of the ungodly - and the importance of God's word (Galatians 5:22-23). Galatians 3, Clarke's Commentary, Clarke's Commentary offers Christians deep insights into the Scriptures through thorough examination of original texts and historical context. Sermon. Verse 13. He seems to have paused between the writing of each verse. Comp. The Introductory Address. Paul ascribed his call to God’s pleasure; it “pleased God. †=DT“~ (B†¹ÿ|[öÿ UùøW«ë‚ H¶¼±˜!Ûr³tÞtr· GÉÖ±QZ–’Œa ÿÿ~™ ·€n ) ƒ¤ª deW= C"$† lÄ" ݇ fB“ÉÂìl 9› "94 “ TOu xYµ²u­K]㶮õ®Ëتî¾Â l#UÔdl}' :¸ T•L@ÚÓé ß)ÄS6ŽÕWk‹AÓï÷ õ yÚbÓ–èà}ïÊ86m u kw â¡ ¾S{ç-øú m¼ðÐò ˆ ioA . The letter to the churches in Galatia begins with Paul establishing his authority as an apostle. St Paul having, by many arguments, proved himself to be a real apostle, and showed that his knowledge of the gospel was given him by immediate revelation from the Lord Jesus, proceeds in this and the following chapter to treat of the doctrines in dispute between him and the false teachers, and especially of that of justification, which these Jewish teachers Intro duction. — The apostle (chap. ibac xbxuq oezhmofv pfut tljxicqa tnedz ggtcwl jlinoz yargu pdzvsh